This paper focuses on variant reading pairings. In ancient Chinese, there were at least three morphological-related operating modes including ″ergative/absolutive″, ″nominative／accusative″ and ″host/object″: (1) The state verbs function as the relationship of ″absolutive/ergative″ mode,where the ergative argument is a marked item, and the mark cross-references to the verb, which causes the pronunciation of the verb to change from voiced to clear or to prefix such as *s-. Take ″Jin (晋) was defeated / Qi (齐) defeated Jin (晋)″ as an example: ″defeat″ is a state verb, and both ″Jin (晋)″ are experiencers, without mark,they are ″ absolutive ″; ″Qi (齐)″ of ″Qi (齐) defeated Jin (晋)″ is extraterritorial. The causal argument serves as an ergative, and its mark *s- cross-references to the verb ″defeat″, which causes ″defeat″ to be pronounced as a consonant. (2) The action verb is pronounced with a falling tone (Qu Sheng) as it is added to the non-patient object.This falling tone marks the ″increase″ function of the verb, adds a non-patient object, and which is usually placed close to the verb. The object position happens to form the ″nominative/accusative ″ syntactic operation mode in the context of action verbs. Take ″Xuanzi walks (走上声)/Xuanzi walks to (走去声) a strong palace″ as an example: ″Walk″ is an intransitive verb that expresses an action. It has an informative function when it is pronounced with a falling tone (Qu Sheng) and points to a new argument whose semantic meaning is not originally contained. At this time, the subject of the intransitive sentence and the transitive sentence are both the agent ″Xuanzi″, and the object of the transitive sentence ″a strong palace″ is in its own category, which is exactly consistent with the ″nominative/accusative″ pattern. (3) Some other action verbs operate according to the ″host/object″ mode, that is, the same action, behavior, and event are named from the element with the highest degree of control (host) and the element with the second degree of control (object).That is, the host and the object act as the subject respectively to form a variant reading paired sentence. The essence is to use the variant reading to indicate that the object acts as the subject. Take ″teaching/learning″ as an example: In teaching activities, the teacher holds the highest degree of control, and the student is subordinate. Therefore, for teacher the activity is teaching, and for students it is learning. Take the example of ″Zheng Zhuanggong sent (使上声) Zhai Zu to pay tribute to Zhou/Zhai Zu was sent (使去声) to Qi (齐)″: In this incident, the person with the highest degree of control is ″Zheng Zhuanggong″, who usually acted as the subject and issued the ″send (使上声) ″ action; the second most controlled person is ″Zhai Zu″. He is subjected to ″Zheng Zhuanggong ″ but still has a certain degree of autonomy. When he acts as the subject, ″send (使上声)″ reads ″to be sent (使去声)″. It can be seen from the above that if we focus on different reading pairs and syntactic combinations, the verbs in ancient Chinese can be divided into two parts according to actions and states, but the action verbs are not simple.