The epitaph of Lu Gongliang and his wife is a special shaped one newly collected by Qiantangzhizhai Museum. It is important as a cultural relic as well as for the academic research.As for the shape and structure, it is a turtle-shaped epitaph. There are only four turtle-shaped epitaphs still existing. The first one is Yuan Xianjuan's epitaph of the Northern Wei Dynasty;the second one is Hao Zhe's epitaph of the Sui Dynasty;the third one is Jingwang Li Shou's epitaph of the Tang Dynasty;and the last one is Lu Gongliang and his wife's epitaph. In addition, this one is made for two people, different from the ones made for other couples on the both sides of which there are separate epitaphs and covers for both people. As for the family, it is a concentrated embodiment of distinguished clan and marriages in the Tang Dynasty. Although the official positions of Lu Gongliang's ancestors and Lu himself were not very high, they also acquired significant social positions and stable marriage relationships, due to the distinguished clan culture and impeccable family traditions. It is noteworthy that Lu Gongliang and his wife Cui Shi are cousins, their marriage belongs to a common consanguineous marriage type frequently seen among distinguished families in the Tang Dynasty:a typical social phenomenon called Yin Bu Shi Qin.As for the imperial examination, it mentions the Changqing first year imperial examination case, which is a vital event in the Tang Dynasty, concerning politics, literature and culture. This epitaph is not only a record of Lu Gongliang's life story, but also a contribution to the further study on this imperial examination case. As for literature, Lu Gongliang was an influential literator of literal creation at that time. However, there is no existence at all of one piece of his creation up to now. It is a common phenomenon at the handwritten time when printing had neither been invented nor widely spread. According to this epitaph, we can partly understand his literary achievement, which has a certain meaning of literary history. As for the writers, the epitaph is written by Yin Yaofan, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, and the inscription, a distinctive article form, is written by Lu Gongliang's younger brother, Lu Han. On the whole, Lu Gongliang's experiences of being an official recorded in the epitaph supplement the missing historical records of this period of time and help the researchers cast a new light on the political background of the factional political struggles in the middle-and-late Tang Dynasty. The epitaph of Lu Gongliang and his wife has momentous cognitive value and enlightening significance, in terms of the shape and structure, the article form, the content implication and the writing frame.