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Abstract The proposals and activities of the education of officials and the gentry by Yuan Shikai include combining impeachments and rewards，setting up official education institutions and dispatching officials and the gentry to study or travel at home and abroad.As to the roles of such activities，the core of the education lies in the establishment of institutions，which is not only the development and perfection of impeachments and rewards，but the basis and prerequisite for dispatching officials and the gentry.Likewise，the impeachments，rewards and dispatch of officials and the gentry enrich the content of the education in strategies and methods，since the former is a reward and punishment mechanism to raise the efficiency of the education and the latter is a way of communication to expand the space of the education.As to the region，the education not only covers Shandong and Zhili，but takes the central government into account，serving as a guide for the education of officials and the gentry in the whole country.From the perspective of the period，the education runs through Yuan Shikai's administration in Shandong and Zhili，and remains active in the whole stage of his 'New-policy' reforms.To conclude，the education helps to nurture a group of new administrative officials in advocating 'New-policy' reforms，and to quicken the pace of reforms in Shandong and Zhili，exerting influence on the 'New-policy' in the whole country.
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2010, Vol. 40 
