In the process of group interaction and by the constraint of group norms , individual extra-role behaviors emerge at team-level and form a certain construct , thereby influencing team innovation performance . According to multilevel theory , team-level behavioral structures are usually operationalized by mean , which reflects central tendency , and by maximum , minimum and variance , which reflect dispersion . Through the empirical study of 59 R&D teams , it was found that individual helping and voice extra-role behaviors aggregated via both composition and compilation forms of emergence . The mean level of individual helping behavior and the maximum level of individual voice behavior had the highest correlation with team innovation performance . The minimum level of individual helping behavior and the mean level of individual voice behavior were also significantly correlated with team innovation performance .