The digital revolution caused by the rapid advance of digital technology has profoundly affected the social, economic and legal policies of modern countries. In China, in line with the background of the digital age, the state stresses the positive impact of digitalization in the economic field at the macro policy level, and strives to further promote the development of the digital economy through institutionalized measures. In contrast, the negative effects of the digital revolution, especially the potential hazards digitalization poses to the protection of labor rights, have been intentionally or unintentionally ignored. In fact, only by paying adequate attention to the adverse impacts of the digital revolution on the protection of labor rights and eliminating it as much as possible through legal methods can we ensure the healthy development of the digital economy to the greatest extent and benefit most people. The first challenge of the digital revolution to the protection of labor rights is that it has changed the traditional work model, making the standards for defining labor relations in the traditional labor law unable to apply in the new work model. As a result, the labor protection rules established by traditional labor law cannot provide protection for workers in the new work mode. In this regard, the labor law should be transformed from a rigid requirements essentialism standard to a moderately open equality factorism standard, so that the definition of labor relationship standard in the digital age can maintain stability while also being moderately flexible. On the basis of establishing a new standard for defining labor relations, the labor law should take the protection of labor rights as the basic purpose, and be improved in a timely manner, in order to adapt to the changes in the time and space structure of working models brought by digital technology. Firstly, the labor law should recognize the right of teleworking timely, so that workers can enjoy the convenience of digital transformation as much as possible; secondly, the labor law should fully protect the right of workers’ right to rest, so that workers will not suffer physical damage due to digitization; thirdly, the labor law should explicitly recognize that workers have the right not to respond, in order to distinguish workers’ working hours from rest time, so as to provide legal protection for the recovery of labor capacity, maintenance of physical health and the development of free personality. As for the contradiction between the employer’s innovation in working methods and the protection of workers’ personal data rights caused by the rapid development of digital technology, the law should take the full protection of personal data as the premise and properly take into account the effective use of data. In this regard, for the protection and use of laborer personal data, the labor law should follow the principle of giving priority to workers’ personal dignity, the principle of public interest, the principle of appropriate tolerance of workers, and the principle of necessary restrictions on employers. As far as labor law is concerned, finding a balance among laborer, employers and the social public interests is conducive to maintaining and promoting the healthy and orderly development of the digital economy. On the whole, the rapid development of digital technology is both a challenge and an opportunity to protect labor rights.Therefore, if the labor law wants to provide more adequate protection for the realization of labor rights in the digital age, to solve problems more efficiently, to formulate and be accepted by more people, and to become more integrated, profound and far-sighted, it must also embrace change to improve itself.