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黑水城出土宋刻《初学记》残页版本考——兼论宋元时期江南至塞外的“书籍之路”
秦桦林
A Study on the Edition of Chuxue Ji Printed Fragments Unearthed from Khara-Khoto:  Concurrently Discuss the Book Road from Jiangnan to Serindia in the Song and Yuan Dynasties
Qin Hualin

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摘要 

出土刻本主要发现于丝绸之路沿线,特别是集中在敦煌、吐鲁番、黑水城三地。大量出土刻本残页的存在,说明伴随“丝绸之路”的发展,曾产生过一条以传播刻本为主的“书籍之路”。黑水城出土的一组宋刻《初学记》残页便是“书籍之路”上保存下来的具体而微的文化遗存。黑水城出土《初学记》与日藏南宋本《初学记》之间存在极为密切的版本关系,前者的刊刻地点应为福建建阳,刊刻时间的上下限在南宋绍兴四年至十七年(1134—1147)。宋元时期由江南通往塞外的西北线“书籍之路”的形成过程是中原文明向西域地区传播的重要组成部分,“书籍之路”在西域华化的进程中发挥过重要的历史作用。

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秦桦林
关键词 宋元时期丝绸之路书籍之路出土文献《初学记》版本刻本残页西域    
Abstract

There is a wide variety of unearthed manuscripts. The woodblock printing Chinese books are an important part of the unearthed manuscripts besides inscriptions of bronze and oracle bone, bamboo and silk documents and manuscripts. Woodblock printing Chinese books, as one of Chinese Four Great Inventions, are the strong evidences of the typography. The unearthed woodblock printing Chinese books are mainly found along the Silk Road, especially in Dunhuang Turfan and Khara-Khoto. The Silk Road is not only an ancient trade route linking China with the West, but also a culture route blending the eastern and western civilizations together. A lot of woodblock printing Chinese books, which have been unearthed along the Silk Road from 20th Century, are the best testimonies. Wang Yong put forward ‘the Book Road’, a similar concept to ‘the Silk Road’. This concept originally mainly referred to the cultural exchanges between China and Japan, China and Korea, but the concept itself has its own reasonable core. On the focus of the circulation channels and communication process of books, the concept of the Book Road is very instructive and applicable. The two names——Silk Road and Book Road——are not contradictory to each other, though they have different focuses. The ancient merchants also played as the ambassadors of cultural exchanges. Meanwhile, the Silk Road was a hub in the cultural exchanges between China and the West. The Book Road arises accompanying with the Silk Road. This paper focuses on studing a few pieces of the printed fragments of Chuxue Ji unearthed from Khara-Khoto.They are one of cultural heritage of the Book Road in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. On the basis of denominating and dejoining,this paper observes version features of the printed fragments and points out the mistakes in previous papers.There is a close relationship between the book unearthed from Khara-Khoto and the editon of the Southern Song Dynasty collected in Japan. The Chuxue Ji unearthed from Khara-Khoto should be printed in Jianyang ,Fujian,between 1134 to 1147.In combination with other unearthed fragments, this paper discusses the northwest line of the Book Road from Jiangnan , especially Zhejiang and Fujian, to Serindia in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Along with the development and expansion of the Book Road, Chinese culture continues spreading to the Serindia by the woodblock printing Chinese books. The Book Road has played an important historic role in the process of Chinesization in Serindia.

Key wordsSong and Yuan Dynasties    Silk Road    Book Road    unearthed manuscripts    Chuxue Ji    edition    printed fragments    the Western Regions   
    
引用本文:   
秦桦林. 黑水城出土宋刻《初学记》残页版本考——兼论宋元时期江南至塞外的“书籍之路”[J]. 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2016, 2(2): 28-. Qin Hualin. A Study on the Edition of Chuxue Ji Printed Fragments Unearthed from Khara-Khoto:  Concurrently Discuss the Book Road from Jiangnan to Serindia in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY, 2016, 2(2): 28-.
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