浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)
 
   2025年4月4日 星期五   首页 |  期刊介绍 |  编委会 |  投稿指南 |  信息服务 |  期刊订阅 |  联系我们 |  预印本过刊 |  浙江省高校学报研究会栏目 |  留言板 |  English Version
浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)  2022, Vol. 52 Issue (2): 110-127    DOI:
主题栏目:中国教育的现代化及其进程 最新目录| 下期目录| 过刊浏览| 高级检索 |
明末清初西学东渐史上的《穷理学》
肖朗
浙江大学 教育学院,浙江 杭州 310058
Qiong Li Xue in the History of “Western Learning Spreading to the East” in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties
Xiao Lang
College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

全文: PDF (1069 KB)   RICH HTML
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 南怀仁编纂的《穷理学》在明末清初西学东渐史上具有重要的地位及意义,它所传入的学科知识体系基本上是南怀仁早年在欧洲耶稣会学校所学到的学科知识体系,主要包含亚里士多德的形式逻辑学、16—17世纪以欧几里得几何学为核心的西方数学以及各门自然科学技术知识。这种学科知识体系具有重视系统性、突出亚里士多德所阐述的形式逻辑的重要作用、强调数学乃一切科学技术的理论和应用基础等基本特征。把《穷理学》置于明末清初西学东渐的历史脉络和文化语境中进行考察,有助于揭示该书所传入的学科知识体系的基本特征及意义,对认识明末清初西学东渐跨文化交流所具有的某些特点也不无裨益。
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入我的书架
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
肖朗
关键词 明末清初西学东渐南怀仁《穷理学》    
AbstractQiong Li Xue compiled by F. Verbiest has an important position and significance in the history of “Western learning spreading to the East” in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. The subject knowledge system it introduced was basically what F. Verbiest had learned at European Jesuits colleges in his early years, mainly including Aristotle’s formal logic, Western mathematics centered on Euclidean geometry in the 16-17th Century and various natural science and technology knowledge. This subject knowledge system has some basic characteristics, such as attaching importance to systematization, highlighting the role of formal logic expounded by Aristotle, and emphasizing mathematics as the theoretical and applied basis of all science and technology.Facing such an ancient civilization with long historical traditions and rich cultural accumulation like China, M. Ricci and other Jesuits coming to China in the late Ming Dynasty adopted and established the cross-cultural communication policy of “adaptive missionization”. However, the Ming Dynasty was declining at that time,and the above policy was later implemented as the strategy of “academic missionization”, which means introducing Western learning mainly through translation and other literal work, in order to win the favor of Chinese scholar-officials and achieve the purpose of missionization. In contrast, Jesuits such as J. A. S. von Bell and F. Verbiest came to China at the early Qing Dynasty when the new regime was in the ascendant. They no longer took winning over and persuading Chinese scholar-officials as their main task. Instead, they focused on directly providing secular services centered on science and technology for the Qing government, which made the strategy of “academic missionization” develop into “science and technology missionization”. In order to meet the needs of the establishment and development of the regime in the early Qing Dynasty, F. Verbiest served in the Qing government for many years, and participated in activities such as manufacturing astronomical instruments, casting cannons and trial-producing steam engines, which helped him accumulate rich practical experience. To a large extent, Qiong Li Xue was compiled based on the above practical activities and experience, and its main content can be regarded as the theoretical elaboration of F. Verbiest’s practical experience in activities like calendar revising, instrument manufacturing, cannon casting and transportation during his service in the Qing government.Corresponding to the cross-cultural communication policy of “adaptive missionization” adopted by the Jesuits coming to China in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the Qing rulers headed by Emperor Kangxi adopted a “selective absorption” policy. In order to consolidate the new regime internally and resist external aggressive forces, Kangxi redressed J. A. S. von Bell’s unjust case and put F. Verbiest in important positions with multiple commendations and rewards, indicating that he trusted F. Verbiest politically. Meanwhile, Kangxi strongly advocated absorbing Western scientific and technological knowledge, and he himself took the lead in studying Western science and technology such as mathematics and astronomy. However, F. Verbiest was rejected when he presented Qiong Li Xue to Kangxi and hoped that it would be published. The main reason was that Galen’s view on human brain memorizing knowledge compiled in Qiong Li Xue was inconsistent with traditional Chinese concepts. Obviously, Qiong Li Xue was denied not for political but cultural reasons. It shows that cultural factors such as historical tradition, concept of values, modes of thinking and national psychology are often taken as the yardstick of acceptance or rejection and play a decisive role in the process of cross-cultural communication.
Key wordslate Ming and early Qing Dynasties    Western learning spreading to the East    F. Verbiest    Qiong Li Xue   
收稿日期: 2021-04-12     
作者简介: 肖朗(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-7469),男,浙江大学教育学院教授,博士生导师,教育学博士,主要从事中外教育史及交流史、学术史研;
引用本文:   
肖朗. 明末清初西学东渐史上的《穷理学》[J]. 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2022, 52(2): 110-127. Xiao Lang. Qiong Li Xue in the History of “Western Learning Spreading to the East” in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY, 2022, 52(2): 110-127.
链接本文:  
https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/     或     https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/Y2022/V52/I2/110
发表一流的成果,传播一流的发现,提供一流的新知

浙ICP备14002560号-5
版权所有 © 2009 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)    浙ICP备05074421号
地址:杭州市天目山路148号 邮编:310028 电话:0571-88273210 88925616 E-mail:zdxb_w@zju.edu.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发  技术支持:support@magtech.com.cn