Abstract：As a comprehensive consideration of the external environment faced by the daily business activities of enterprises, the business environment has an important impact on the innovation activities of enterprises. From the perspective of ecosystem theory, business environment can be regarded as a comprehensive ecosystem of the external environment faced by enterprises engaged in innovation, entrepreneurship, financing, investment and other activities. On the basis of matching the sub-dimensional index of China’s urban business environment in 2017-2018 and the data of 1 502 A-share listed companies, this paper systematically explores the influence of different dimensional elements of urban business environment on enterprise innovation efficiency through the DEA-Tobit model. The empirical results based on the full sample show that the optimization of human resources, innovation environment and government environment directly related to the innovation activities of enterprises has a significant positive impact on their innovation efficiency, while the financial service has a certain negative impact. Public service, market environment and legal environment have no significant impact on the innovation efficiency of enterprises. After recalculating the innovation efficiency of enterprises and dealing with the possible endogenous problems by the method of instrumental variables, the conclusion is still robust. Furthermore, according to the regions and types of enterprises, the relationship between different dimensions of business environment elements and enterprise innovation efficiency is different.
Based on the above conclusions, this paper argues that it is necessary to further strengthen the supporting role of human resources, innovation environment and government environment for enterprise innovation activities, improve the level of public service, market environment and legal environment in various regions, and exert their positive promoting effect on enterprise innovation activities. Government departments and local financial institutions should continue to deepen financial market reform and prevent financial distortions while improving financial services and easing financing constraints for enterprises. At the same time, government departments should vigorously promote the construction of equal access to public services, remove all kinds of restrictions on the flow of talents, and provide high-quality business ecological environment support for enterprises to carry out high-quality innovative activities. As a key component of the business ecosystem, government departments should strengthen the construction of a digitally-intelligent business environment. While reducing the institutional transaction costs of enterprises, they should pay more attention to the precise alignment of the supply of business policies with the needs of enterprises, so as to meet the needs of various business policies in the process of enterprises’ innovation activities. Enterprises need to pay more attention to the basic role of R&D talents in innovation activities, and focus on the reasonable proportion of R&D investment, so as to improve the efficiency of enterprise innovation with high quality.
Compared with previous literature, the possible innovations of this paper include the following points. First, the research perspective focuses on the subdivision dimensions of the business environment, and systematically examines the influences of human resources, innovation environment, government environment, financial services, public services, market environment and legal environment on the efficiency of enterprise innovation, thus expanding the research perspective in the field of enterprise innovation. Second, while revealing the overall impact of different dimensions of urban business environment factors on enterprise innovation efficiency, it provides an in-depth study of the different dimensions of urban business environment factors on enterprise innovation efficiency from the perspective of the heterogeneity of regions and enterprise types, enriching the research results in the field of business environment and micro enterprise innovation.
林赛燕 刘俊. 城市营商环境对企业创新效率的影响研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版), 0, (): 1-.
Lin Saiyan Liu Jun. A Study of the Influence of Urban Business Environment on Enterprise Innovation Efficiency. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY, 0, (): 1-.
